Moving-picture machine.



GQ wmeHAM. MOVING PICTURE MACHINE?! APPLIUATIOE nu MA1 11. 1910.' .19052,209. Patented Feb. 4, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET -1.

we foie G. vv. BINGHAM. MOVING PIUTlUR-B MACHINE. 4 v APPLIOATIQN PILED HAY 11, 1910.

'Patented Feb. 4, 1913.

' G. W. BINGHAM.

MOVING PICTURE, MACHINE.

APP'LIOATI'ON FILED MAY n, 1910. *y 1,052,209. Patented Feb. 4, 1913. gsHEnTs-SHEET s.

(T n vme W60@ @Ho/z e ses 'n GEQIGE NV. BINGHAM, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE RING-HAM MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF MAINE.

MOYNG-PICTUBE MACHINE.- t

l'ogpgviggp y Specification tlf-Letters atent. Pater ted Feb, zt, tgig,

Application filed May' 11, 1910.' Serial No. 560,563. i

To al? whom #may concern: ment to the said tubular member. This tu lie it known that L GEORGE lll. BIYGHMI, bular film advancing' member or guide is a citizen of the' United States. and a resipreferably located below the exposure opendent of the borough of Brooklyn, in ther` inoand there may be associated with the a county of Kings and State of New York, Saul tubular member another guide, located 5 have 'invented certain new and useful Imabove or in advance of the exposure openi movements in Moving-Picture Machines. of ing. This second guide is also preferably which the followino is a specification. in tho'form of a tubular member through lily invention reiates to improvements in which the film is passed, and if desired.

i0 moving picture machines, and is an imthis guide may remain relatively stationary. 60

'movement on that articular type of maln a preferred formof thc invention, howihines wherein the fi m is intermittentl) adever. this upper tubular guide is also os.

vanced bv certain members over which the cillated in harmony with the movement of film is passed trolls boing generally used the film advancingr tubular guide. ln prao :for this purpose) which are givena reciprotice there is preferably associated with thc 65 rating motion so as to .jerk the film down film advancmg guide, a take-up device such past a point of exposure. 'lfhese'machineg as a sprocket which y'acts to take up the film althopgh quite successful, lmve-always posas it is advanced by thc tubular 'tc/luide..y

sessed a certain disadvantage. The rolls or lt will he understood that` the machine of.

2O other film advancing means in use in these this invention or the various parts 'thereof 70 prior machines. when reciprocatcd at the may he utilized equally as Well in the prospeed necessary in the operation of the majector for exhibiting Vthe pictures or in the chine. acquire a considerable amount of mocamera for takingl the pictures.

mentum` which7 due to the sudden reversals Other features ofthe invention will ap 2.3 of motion. causes the macnme to pound pear as the specification proceeds. 75 and malte an ob1 ectionable amount .of noise lu the accompanying'drawings there arc and the parts to become worn and loose illustrated several preferred embodiments with respect to each other. This inherent of' my invention but it will be understood momentmnot tho film advancing means has that various changes and modifications may '.l heretofore been an obstacle to the opera- .bc made from the forms' shown without de- 80 tion of a machine of this sort at a very parting from the spirit and the scope of i eat speed. the invention. To overcome this momentum of the. film ln the drawings: Figure l is a side eleadvaneingmeans and to secure a smooth vallon of a machine embodying' my inven- :35 running and completely efficient machine tion, the film magazine being shown partly 85 is one of the objects of the present invention. in section. Fig. 2 is a rcar end view of the finother object of my invention is to sinr same. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional plify the machine as much as possible and View on a somewhat enlarged scale, of thc to reduce thc number of moving parts. invention. Fig. t is a detail View of a 4o 'The invention consists broadly in advancmodified form of the invention, showing 90 ing the film by means of a tubular member only thc necessary parts to illustrate the through which the film is passed and which modification. Fig. is a cross sectional isgivcn an oscillatory movement so as to view on an enlarged scale of one form of intermitteiltly advance the film past thc the tubular guide. Fig. G is a detail view .point of exposure. For the purpose of seof the' cam for imparting the oscillating 95 curing this oscillator)v .movemcnh the tumotion to thc tubular film advancing guide. hular member is preferably supported una Similar reference characters denote correpivot located between the ends of the memspendingl parts throughout the several aber. and a cam orlile means is preferably views; i l at) utiiized'fq'r 'imparting the required move- As was stated in the preamble to the 10o i This latch may `mouth or inlet, of' thefilm ad specification, acuaucinp' the film through the forms the principal and this means consists preferably of a flatteried tubular member or guide l, through 'l`h s tubular guidingy member mounted so as to oseillalc upon a pivotal center Q which center at a point part way between the ends of the member so that said member will partake of' a rocking motion.` 'lhis guidingF and film 'advancing member is supported on` the frame 3 of the machine and is located.in mear of or below the exposure opening 4. The exposure openingr may be, as is usual in such cases;v formed in' a plate 5, across the 'face ot' which plate. the film G is fed.,the film i'net'erahly being held in Contact with the face of the plate by means of a door member i'. which may be utilized to exert more er less tension upon tliefilm. This door vwhich thus may he in the nature of :i clamp. muy he held in normal clamping position by means oi. a pivotcd latch or hook 8. engage directly with the edge of the door, or. for the purpose of holdingr the door with a spring tension, the hooi; may engage :i spripfg arm f) extending` laterally from the lower portion of thc door.

Located above-thc exposure opening or in adranceof ihe'same, there is preferably provided a film guide of some sort and this guide preferably consists of a tubular memher 10 substantially similar to the film advaucintir guide. This. upper lfluide may, if desirefjl.v remain relatively stationary, suhstantially as shown in the modified form of theiuvention illustrated 'in Fig'. 4. Prefer-l ably, howeverthis upper tubular guide parfaites-of an oscillatory motion substantially similar to the movement. of the film advanciuptubular guide and for this purpose the tivo guides may be connected `to operate in unison, by means of a ctmnectinglink l1, For thefpurpose of permitting the film to freely pass through the tubular guides, lthe ends of such guides are preferably cur-ved in longitudinal direction, substantially as in' cheated at 12. It will be noted that the A vancing guide -iscurved upwardly While the exit end thereof is curved downwardly. 0n the other hand, the upper gnide,-Which; may be piv and its exit `end direqteddoivnwardly so as to curvey the filmjjust before it p across thel facel of theplate provided"yyithV the means for intermittently lopen chute having inwardly machine part of this invention scribed, during tlevfupvrar directed l edge port-ions to engage over the edges of the film (substantially the same in contour as fthe stationary guide illustrated in a eoi pending which the film-lis passed and `which hasj in `xrled thereto au oscillatory .n'iotioof preferably application of mine, Serial No. 552,346)I or in the form of a complete tube, after the manner shown in the sectional view in Fig. 5 and by this term tubular guide l mean simply aguide of such tubular is preferably located formation that the lm may be passed longitudinally through the same. prefer vthe latter form, however, 'el e., the 'guide which is inclosed oni all sides, `since in-this latter form the film is completely inelosed and entirely protected# As will be noticed in the cross-sectional view just referred to, the guide is there made in the form of a fiattened tubular member having substantially parallel sides 14, connected by the edge portions 15, these edge portions being narrower or less in Width than the central portion of the guide sov that in passing.,T through the tubular guideor guides, the film will be contacted only at'the edge portions thereof,

substantially as indicated in this View. To permit of greater ease in threading 'the film through the lguide or guides` the ends of the guides may bc made with somewhat flariiig lips as indicated at 1G.

It is desirable in a machine of lthis class that the time required for shifting the film shall be but a small proportion of .that time duringn which the picture is beingy exhibited,

and for this reason it is necessary 'to give the film advancing member a comparatively quick downward oscillatory movement While Athe upward or inactive stroke of the film advancingv member need not be so rapid, For this reason member is preferably oscillafed with a coin'- paratively quick downward, stroke l'and with a relatively slow'upward stroke. The means for imparting this movement to the tubular film advancing guide may be of any suit able or desired character` but for this purpose prefer to 'use a caml 17, hayinga rat-her abrupt and almost radially disposed portion 18, for imparting the quick wnwerdmovement to the tubular guide, an a gradually risingV portion 19, for imparti@ the relatively slow upward movement to the guide. i 4

ln connection with the4 before .described `means for-.imparntingthe intermittent advancing movement to the lnr; I preferably .employe` take-up device :for taking up the used portion ofthe film as it eomesli'trom the lower tubularv guides..v This 'film Atake-up device may consist simplyfof an ordinary 4film 1 sprocketQO associated with VWhich-there may ybe oneor more rolls 21 for Vholding the film 1n proper engagement ,with the-sprocket;

In the Operation .of theL the tubular-Elm advancing? i,

arts thus far de- I movement of the 'ing guide will thus act upon a substantially also that this take-up device acts to hold the 1 ,amaca tubular guides, the upper guide act-s to withl draw a certain amount of film from the,l tilmsupport, the film supportbeing for this reason. of such a nature as to permit free' withdrawal of' the film therefrom. Upon reversal of the direction of movement ot' the tubular tilm guides. the lower guide7 which is truly lthe film advancing member. acts to g draw down an amount of' film past the exposure opening substantially equal to that amount which has just been withdrawn by the upper tubular guide, from the film support. The takeaip device is timed seas to wind in the film 'ubstantially atsnch a rate that at the time ihe tubular film advancing guide is about to commence its downward stroke, the film below the exposure opening is substantially taut so that the film advanctaut vpiece of film. It will be understood used portion of the film and to prevent the film Ifrom being pulled backward. ln order also to prevent the upper tubular guide from drawing the film backward during its upward stroke, I preferably place a lighty tension upon the film. The door member may be used for the purpose of exerting; this tension upon the film, in the manner already described. This tension device may, if' found desirable, be entirely dispensed with.

1n the case of the modified t'orm of the. invention wherein only a stationary guide is provided in advance of the exposure opening, then the film advancing tubular guide acts upon its downward-stroke to withdraw the film directly from the film support, instead of, as in the rst instance. acting to draw down an amount of film substantially equal to an amount which has just previously been withdrawn4 from the film sup port.

When the machine is being used as a projecter, someI` means must be provided for framing the pictures on the film, that is, for bringing the pictures into proper register with' the exposure opening. This vframing device in the'present instance 'preferably consists o a stationary' but relatively7 adjustable guide over which the film is passed and which is associated with'the tubular film advancing inenlber. rThis framing device may convenienti; be, and preferably is. interposed betweenthe tubular film advancing member land the take-up device. This adjustable guide consists preferably. as shown. of a relativelyflattened member 2Q. having upturned confining edges 23, over which the film is passed, after it issues from the tubular film advancing member. Thisl fra-ming member could also be of flat tubular formation. if so desired. For greater ease in threadingL tlie'filin through the mafilm advancing member simply chine, however, I prefer to make the 4framing member with an open sid-f, substantially as shown. The form of adjustment for the framingr member ma'y vary. but preferably the said member is provided with a center or pivotal support Qt, located near one end thereof und the member is further provided with a dei'iendent rack or segment 25, which is engaged b v ar worm 2t), said worm being.)r adjustable by means of u tl'uunb-piece 27. rthe bearing tor thel said worm preferablv consists 'ot' a bushingf 2S which is carried by a part 29 on the framework.

The fresh and used portions of the film mavv be supported chine proper iu any suitable manner. For this purpose. however, l preferably employ film-handling mechanism which is specifii'all'v claimed in other applications filed by me; This film .handling mechanism em bodies the film vsupport llt) in which. the unused portion of the film is carried and the film receiver Il into which the used portion of the film is wound. Specifically the film support consists preferably of' a film sup porting' disk 52 which is mounted to revolve on a spindle 2:53 within thecasinar 34 of the film support. in connection with the film supporting disk l -may employ a, centering device :l5 for centering the coil of film upon the disk. The leading endot' the film is fed from the film support down through the machine. from whence. after passing through the take-up device. it is lcd through astationary tubular guide $56 which directs the film within the receiver and wherein it is coiled. )n account of the ease with which the film is witlu rawn from my film support and is Vagain rewound within the receiver with the lgadinf end outward all readv for the next. exhibition. l prefer to use this particular film handling mechanism with my machine. but l would have it understood that the machine of this invention is not limited' in itsl use to this particular film handling mechanism. for the machine may be used with any other type of film handling mechanism. such as the customary reels. etc. When 'reels are used with m-y machine l may'substitute a sprocket in place of the upper guide. it. being well known that these reels wabble and run more or less unevenly, so that the sprocket in such a case serves to unwind the film vfrom the reel. and the tubular advances the film as it is unwound by thc slpn'ocket. This sprocket is therefore. in a sense; a guide, and the claims are to be construed accordingly.

it will of course be. understood that any suitable kind of shutter may be used in the machine. l" prefer to employ for this pura pose. however. an oscillatory shutter, substantially as indicated at 37. and as specifi cally claimed in a prior application of mine', Serial No. 428,601.-V

with respect t'o the ma.

,-With, an exposure opening, a guiding memvided ivith mg member 'the exposure below the below unison, and means for What'is claimed, is: d l. ln a moving picture machine provided ber or the film located above the exposure opening,'a tubular guiding member located exposure opening, and means for oscillating said members whereby the film will be intermittently advanced past the cx posure opening.

2. In a moving picture machine provided with an exposure opening, a tubular guiding member for the film located above the exposure opening. a tubular guiding member located below the exposure opening, and means for oscillating said members whereby the film will be intermittently advanced past the exposure opening.

ln a moving picture machine provided 'with im exposure opening, a guiding member for the film located above the exposure opening, a tubular `guiding member located the exposure opening, means connectmg said members to cause them to move in imparting an oscillato y movement to said members.

Ll; In a moving picture machine proan exposure opening, a guidfor the film located above opening, a tubular guiding member through which the film is passed located below the exposure opening, and means for oscillating said tubular member with a comparatively slow upward movement and a quick downward movement whereby the film will be intermittently advanced past. the exposure opening.

5: ln a moving picture machine. film ad- \ancinsrl means comprising a` tubular member th.` nigh which the film is passed, and' means for oscillating said tubular member wherein' the film will be intermittently advanced past a point of exposure.

In' .t moving picture machine.,- film advancing means comprisin a tubular member through which the fi m is passed. said member being pivotally mounted so as to be capable .of an oscillatory movement', and means for oscillating said tubular member whereby the film will be intermittently advanced past a point of exposure.'Y

7l In a moving picture machine, film advancin'g means comprising an oscillatory tubular member through which the film is passed, and means for oscillatingsaid member with a relatively slow upward movement and a relatively quick downward movement.

8. ln a moving picture machine, the combination with a tubular member and means 'for oscillating said member for the purpose bf intermittently advancing the'film past@y 'of a take-up device the point of exposure,

film so advanced.

adapte'dto take up the 9. In a moving picture machine, a take I i i l l l l l l up sprocket, a tubular "member through which the film is passed, lccated-inadv'ance of the sprocket, and vmeans vfor imparting an oscillatory movement to said tubular member. i

10. In a moving picturemachine provided a guidlng mem-A with an exposure opening, ber for the film located above the exp 'sure opening, a tubular member through which the lm is passed, located below the exposure opening, means for oscillating said tubular member for the purpose otintermittently advancing the film past the'exn posure opening, and meansfcr taking Iup the film so advanced.

11. Film advancing mechanism for movv ing picture machines comprising an upper tubular' member through which the hlm is passed, a lower tubular member' through which also the film is passed. and means for oscillating said members,l whereby thefilm a point betweeniis ends, and means' for im parting am oscillatory guide.'v

l5. ln a moving mov' ment yto said picture machine, tubular guides for the film, said guides being pivotally supported so as to be capable of an oscillatory movement, and means for oscillating saidguides sol as to impart intermittent advancing movement to the film.

16. In a moving per pivoted tubular filmA guide, a lower` pivoted tubular film guide,a link connectin y' said guides, andrneans for osciliatingsai tubular guides. l f- 17, In a moving picture machine," ther combination with a support from which the film may7 be freely withdrawn, of upper and lower tubularguides through which the film is passed, and means for oscillating'said tubularl guides whereby upon the upward movement thereof the upper cuide will act to withdraw a certain amount of film from the film support and upon the downward movement of the tubular guides the lower d members with a' coin-1 l picturel machine, the'l combination with a film support from which picture machine, an -up` ich , wit-h an exposure opening. the coiiibinat-ion K with an exposure opening'. the

'lilm will be, intgrinittentlv advanced past a i i to advance tht` film past a point of exposure yanring means comprising' a tubular ineiiil" ber through which the film is passed. means l'or oscillating said tubular member wherebv the film will be intermittenti)Y advanced past a point of exposure. and means exert ing a tension upon the film.

itl. Film advaiieingnieans for moving picture machines comprising.r a tubular member having oppositelv curved ends, said inc -ber being mounted upon a plvotalhsupport. and means for oscillating said member. 4

20. ln a moving picture machine, a tubalar member through which the tilm is passed. havingr an upwardlv curved entrance endl and a downwardly curved exit end. said member having` the center of pivotal support located between the ends thereof, and means for oscillating said member upon the pivotal sup ort.

t. ln a moving picture machine, a continuously rotating take-up n'u-iiiber, .atubirx lar member through 'which the film is passed. located in advance ot the take-up member. and means for impartingr an oscillatory movement to the tubular member atoresaid.

32. ln va moving picture machine provided with a support from which the tilm maT be lreelv withdrawn, of upper and lower tubular guides through which the film is passed. located abovx and below the exposure opening'respectively.' and means for oscillating' said tubular guides wherebiv upon the upward movement thereof the upper guide will act' to withdraw a certain'aiiiouiit ot` film from the tilni support and upon thedownward movement ol? the tubular guides the lower guide will act to draw down an amount ot' tilm pastI the exposure opening substantially equal to that amount ot" film just previously withdrawn from the film support.

Q3. ln a moving picture ii'iaclim'e provided combination with ay support for the unused portion oi' the i tilni, means for withdrawing; the film from the said support, and means for iiiterniitf tentily advancing the film so withdrawn Jfrom the support past tho exposure opening. comprising' a member through which the l'iliii ispassed, said member being pivoted oii a center located between its ends so as to he capable ot an oscillatory rocking iiiotzioii. and means for oscillating the said member.

24. ln a moving' picture machine, tilii'i ad- 'ancing means comprising a tiihular member through which the tiliii is passed. means for l whereby thi` oscillatinrq'said tubular member point of exposure. and means located iii adi vance of theI tubular member for holdin;l the' tilm to prevent retrograde movement of the Stunt?.

25. ln a moving picture machine, a pvot,

a double ended lilm advancing iii'ember mounted at a point between its ends on said 'Tit pivot. said member having; film engaging portions at its opposite ends and a 'passage tor the film intermediate such tilm engaging' portions extending; substantially at right angles through the axis of the pivotal support, means for oscillating the member on the pivotal support, wherebv the member will advance the. tihn during its stroke in'one direct-ion and will hold the liliii to prevent. displacement, thereof duringr its stroke in the opposite direction, and a. constantly acting talte up device adapted to hold the tilni and prevent retrograde movement ot the same during the advancingl stroke ot the film act vaneinf.: member and to taltein the tilm as tast as it is released during the opposite stroke of the film advancingmember.

QG. In a moving?,- picture machine provided with an exposure opening, a louble ended film advancing member located below the exposure opening' and pivoted ona center located between its-ends, a constantly.acting` take up device below the film advancingl iiiemher, and means for oscillating'the film advancing iiieinber with a mick downward movement, wherebyY a portion of the ilin will he quicltlv moved down past the exposure opening and with a relatively slow upwards iiioveii'ient such as to release the ilin as tast: as the vtake up device taires it substen tiallv in'.

QT. In a moving picture machine, a film support having; an exposure opening therein, a film advancing.;- lguide pivoted on a center located between its ends andfhaving its entrance end disposed substantially in line with the film supporti .so as to receive the tilm directly from said support; means for oscillating the film advancing,r guide to intermittenti.,v advance the tilm past the exposure opening in the support., and meansj'or holding the film in advance of the tilin advancing icio' IOS lguide to prevent retrograde movement ot` tho iiieiiihei' further having` between the liliii-enetnegimq ends meansI f'or oscillating the tubular its pivotal center whereliv7 upoii movementof' thil member in one direction` the outer tiliiii\iig i':i.e'iiin eiidsot the member will art.

and upon the retiiiii sti'olte the intermediate 'during the advanillg stroke of the Elm a-.dn Vancigng member and to take in the film sub- Wtnesses:

Signed ai Xavi YYm'k boxougi 01"' Banhat- Y tan in the couny nf New York and Stat@ of l0 New York hs .10th day'of May A. D. '1910.

GEORGE W. BNGHAB/I.

guiding portonwill hold'the 51m to prevent displacement,thereof` and a' constantly acting tsl-kamp device adapted to hold the film to prevent retrograde movement of the same stantiall-y as fasi; as it is released during the PHILU.J S. MGLEAN,

return stroke fft-he=\m'advm1cing member. I LAURA E. SMITH.. 

